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Introduction to Pharmacopoeia
Introduction Pharmacopoeia is a book containing directions for the identification and evaluation of medicines, published by the authority of a government or a medical or pharmaceutical society. In a broader sense it is a reference book for pharmaceutical drug specifications. The word pharmacopoeia is derived from Greek language, pharmakon means drug and poieo means I
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Buffered Isotonic Solutions
Buffered isotonic solutions Tonicity is a measure of effective osmolarity or osmolality in biological cell. The solutions having same osmotic pressure is known as isotonic solutions. Pharmaceutical solutions pass through delicate membranes of body; hence their osmotic pressure is to be adjusted with body fluids. Isotonic solutions cause no swelling or contraction of tissues when
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Poison and Antidotes
Introduction Poisons are substances that, when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed, can cause harm to the body. They may be accidental, occupational, suicidal, or criminal in nature. Common causes of poisoning include heavy metals, drug overdose, and exposure to toxic chemicals. Notable types include heavy metal poisoning, cyanide poisoning, and snake venom. Antidotes are substances that
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Haematinics
Haematinics Haematinics are essential nutrients required by the bone marrow for blood cell formation (haematopoiesis). These nutrients play a crucial role in maintaining healthy red blood cells. Haematinics are used in treatment of various types of anaemia. The main haematinics include iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12. Additionally, substances like copper and pyridoxine are required
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Expectorants
Expectorants Expectorants are medications or natural ingredients that help clear mucus from a person’s airways. They can be used for coughs that produce mucus, such as the common cold or flu. Expectorants aim to make coughing up mucus easier. They do not actually stop coughing. A productive cough should not be suppressed because it helps
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Free Course for Pharmacist on Rational Use of Medicines
The World Health Organisation (WHO), Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) and Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI) launches free e-learning course for registered pharmacist on rational use of medicines. The course addresses the importance of appropriate medicine uses; it aligns with the sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) objective for achieving universal health coverage. It includes
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Emetics
Emetics Emetics are agents that induce nausea and vomiting. They are used primarily for the emergency treatment of poisoning caused by certain toxins that have been ingested. Emetics work by stimulating the body’s natural response to expel harmful substances through vomiting. The use of emetics is limited to the treatment of poisoning with certain toxins that have
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Astringents
Astringents Astringents are chemical compounds that tend to shrink or constrict body tissues and form a protective layer on the surface. Due to their protein action, astringents reduce cell permeability, leading to decreased local edema, exudation, and inflammation. The word “astringent” derives from Latin adstringere, meaning “to bind fast.” These substances are usually applied topically
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Antimicrobial Agents
Introduction Antimicrobial is an agent which kills microorganisms (microbicide) or stops their growth (bacteriostatic agent). Use of antimicrobials is a common practice for at least 2000 years. Ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks used specific molds and plant extracts to treat infection. Antimicrobial is a broad terminology describing activity against microbes. There are various specific terminologies
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HLL Lifecare Limited (HLL), released latest notification for the post of deputy manager, manager in pharma and retail business, only for SC and ST candidates.
HLL Lifecare Limited (HLL), released latest notification for the post of deputy manager, manager in pharma and retail business, only for SC and ST candidates. HLL Lifecare Limited (HLL), India’s leading manufacturers and marketers of contraceptive, Health Care and Pharma products is a Mini Ratna Central Public Sector Enterprise under the Ministry of Health and
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