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Rheumatoid Arthritis: Understanding, Managing, and Preventing a Chronic Autoimmune Disease
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Understanding, Managing, and Preventing a Chronic Autoimmune Disease Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is more than just joint pain—it’s a chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder that can significantly affect the quality of life. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear, RA is driven by the immune system attacking the body’s own tissues, particularly the synovium—the
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Understanding Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Causes, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Treatment & Prevention
Understanding Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Causes, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Treatment & Prevention Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that affects millions worldwide. While most people experience occasional heartburn or acid reflux, GERD refers to a more persistent and severe form of this reflux, often requiring long-term management. In this detailed guide,
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Disulfiram-like Reaction: Causes, Symptoms, Drugs Involved, and Clinical Importance
Disulfiram-like Reaction: Causes, Symptoms, Drugs Involved, and Clinical Importance 📝 Introduction A Disulfiram-like reaction (DLR) is a harmful response that occurs when someone consumes alcohol while taking certain medications that interfere with the normal breakdown of alcohol in the body. The term originates from the drug disulfiram (Antabuse), which was first used in the 1940s
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Beyond the Fever: Paracetamol’s Pharmacology and Clinical Relevance
Beyond the Fever: Paracetamol’s Pharmacology and Clinical Relevance Introduction Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen in the United States and Canada, is one of the most widely used antipyretic and analgesic medications across the globe. Despite its extensive use and availability over the counter, its pharmacological intricacies, clinical applications, and toxicity profile are of critical importance
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Ultrasound (USG): A Comprehensive Diagnostic Imaging Tool
Ultrasound (USG): A Comprehensive Diagnostic Imaging Tool Ultrasound, also known as Ultrasonography (USG), is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce real-time images of internal body structures. It is widely used across various medical disciplines for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Its safety, accessibility, and lack of radiation make it an indispensable
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Top 10 Foods to Eat in Monsoon to Avoid Cold
🌧️ Top 10 Foods to Eat in Monsoon to Avoid Cold Introduction The monsoon season in India brings soothing rains, lush greenery, and a welcome relief from the scorching summer. But it also comes with a downside — increased vulnerability to infections, especially the common cold, flu, sinusitis, respiratory problems, and digestive issues. The
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Alzheimer’s Disease: Understanding Its Pathophysiology, Causes, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention
Alzheimer’s Disease: Understanding Its Pathophysiology, Causes, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, cognitive functions, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of dementia cases globally. With an aging population, Alzheimer’s has become a major public health concern,
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Complete Urine Examination (CUE): Procedure, Interpretation, and Diagnostic Significance
Introduction Urine is a valuable diagnostic fluid that provides a window into the body’s metabolic and systemic state. The Complete Urine Examination (CUE), also known as routine and microscopic urinalysis, is one of the most frequently performed diagnostic tests in clinical laboratories. It is non-invasive, cost-effective, and provides essential information for diagnosing renal, metabolic,
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Lipid Profile Test: A Complete Guide to Understanding Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk
Lipid Profile Test: A Complete Guide to Understanding Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk Introduction The lipid profile test, also known as the lipid panel or cholesterol panel, is a vital diagnostic tool used to evaluate the levels of lipids (fats) in the blood. These lipids include cholesterol and triglycerides, which are essential for cellular function
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Amlodipine: Pharmacology, Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses, and Clinical Guidelines
Amlodipine: Pharmacology, Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses, and Clinical Guidelines Introduction Amlodipine is a widely prescribed antihypertensive agent belonging to the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers (CCBs). It is primarily used to manage hypertension and angina pectoris, both stable and vasospastic types. Amlodipine is renowned for its long duration of action, allowing for once-daily
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